高考名师：2009年高考英语创新试题大盘点(理)

　　2009年全国各地的高考英语试卷都或多或少突破了原来的题型模式，添加了各地的独特元素，在此，笔者汇总了各套试卷，来分析那些“破旧立新”的创新题。
　　一、“选择+填空”式完形填空
　　例1 (2009广东卷)阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
　　Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult (1) was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy (2) (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.
　　Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not (3) pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or (4) (push) you with their elbows(肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.
　　Jane paused in front of a counter (5) some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk,” the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her (6) (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.
　　Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes(7) sale. She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please (8) .
　　When Jane got home，with her small but well-chosen present in her bag，her parents were already(9) table having supper. Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane (10) (inform).
　　解析：做语法填空时，务必先通览全文，了解大意，以便填词时有的放矢;其次，注意命题要求，一般来说，不会要求同学们根据上下文填写名词、动词、较长的形容词或副词等，而常侧重考查冠词、代词、介词、连词，词组的固定用法，另外还要特别注意动词的非谓语形式(to do, doing或done结构)。
　　参考答案
　　(1)it (2)pleased (3)a
　　(4)pushed (5)where
　　(6)choice (7)on (8)him
　　(9)at (10)was informed
　　二、问答式阅读理解
　　例2 (2009天津卷)阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题.
　　Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart(购物手推车). They will, in a lifetime, push the chrome-plated contraptions many miles. But few will know——or even think to ask——who it was that invented them.
　　Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging(吃力地携带) groceries around in baskets they had to carry.
　　One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.
　　On June 4th, 1937, Goldman’s first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn’t wait to see them using his invention.
　　But Goldman was disappointed.Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.
　　After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren’t using his carts. “Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied.
　　But Goldman wasn’t beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony(假冒的) customers.
　　As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come——those who came bought more. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before.
　　Today’s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman’s original model. Perhaps that’s one reason Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937——before the coming of the shopping cart.
　　(1)The underlined words“chrome-plate contraptions” in Paragraph 1 refer to ___________.(No more than 3 words)
　　(2)What was the purpose of Goldman’s invention? (No more than 10 words)    
      _____________________________     
　　(3)Why was Goldman disappointed at first? (No more than 10 words)
      _____________________________
　　(4)Why did Goldman hire people to push carts around his market? (No more than 10 words)
　　_____________________________
　　(5)What do you think of Goldman? Please give your reasons. (No more than 20 words)
　　_____________________________
　　解析：做此类题时，同学们可以先浏览所有题目，明确考查要求后，带着问题去阅读文章。阅读文章的时候要在文章找到与问题相关的地方，一般情况下，前面4小题的答案都可以在原文中找到;而最后1小题，常要求同学们用自己的语言回答问题，此时要注意表达的正确和准确，注意不超出字数要求。
　　参考答案
　　(1)shopping carts
　　(2)It was to make shopping easier and attract more business.
　　(3)Because few customers used his carts.
　　(4)Because he wanted to promote his shopping carts.
　　(5)He was a smart businessman. He invented the shopping cart and made it accepted by customers. / He was smart but he shouldn’t have used tricks to attract customers.
　　三、“篇章式”短文改错
　　例3 (2009浙江卷)下面短文中有10处语法错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
　　One rainy day while I was walking home with one of my friend, a truck came to a stop besides us. The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella because he found we were wet through. I stood there and couldn’t believe in that a complete stranger is so thoughtful. The man insisted, so I grateful accepted the offer, thanked him and watched the truck disappear down the road. This man might need the umbrella himself, and he preferred to give it to everyone else. It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expect anything in return.
　　解析：做“篇章式”短文改错题时，要以“句子”为单位，仔细体会。重点关注实词的形式变化，如名词的单复数，动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词形式变化等;虚词的语意使用如，连词的含义，介词的搭配，冠词的运用等;还要注意改错设题的原则，即常是8个修改词，1个添加词，1个删除词，共10个错误。
　　参考答案
　　One rainy day while I was walking home with one of my friend(friends), a trunk came to a stop besides(beside) us. The driver put the window down and offered us a(an) umbrella because he found we were wet through. I stood there and couldn’t believe in(删掉in)that a complete stranger is(was) so thoughtful. The man insisted, so I grateful (gratefully)accepted the offer, thanked him and watched the truck disappear down the road. This man might need the umbrella himself, and (but) he preferred to give it to everyone (someone/somebody) else. It was a lesson to us that it was possible(∧to)give without expect (expecting) anything in return.
　　四、其他创新题型
　　例4 (2009上海卷)把下面句子翻译成英语，并用上括号内单词。
　　(1)网球运动在上海越来越流行了。(popular)________________
　　(2)我认为你们的建议和他们的一样有价值。(as…as)_________
　　(3)只喝一杯咖啡就会使我整晚睡不着。(keep)______________
　　(4)为了纪念那些勇敢的消防战士，一部电影即将开拍。(memory)
      _____________________________
　　(5)过了三天她才想起把雨衣忘在语言实验室了。(remember)
　　_____________________________
　　解析：翻译是中英双语的思维交替，要求很高。做这类题首先一定要使用上括号后的词;其次，要注意翻译的准确和正确性;最后还要注意“语意的达意和语言的地道”。
　　参考答案
　　(1)Tennis is getting more and more popular in Shanghai.
　　(2)I think your suggestion is as valuable as theirs.
　　(3)Drinking only a cup of coffee will keep me awake all night.
　　(4)A film will be made in memory of those brave fire fighters.
　　(5)It was three days later she remembered leaving/having left her raincoat in the language lab.
　　例5 (2009江西卷)根据各题所给首字母的提示，在答题卡上标有题号的横线上，写出一个英语单词的完整、正确形式，使对话通顺。(K=Karen;S=Salina)
　　K: You are late again.
　　S: Sorry, but there was a traffic (1) j_____.
　　K: It’s always the same excuse. Try to think of something better next time.
　　S: But I’m telling the truth! There was an (2) a_____ in the cross-harbor tunnel. I don’t think anyone was hurt but it (3) t_____ the police over an hour to clear it. Anyway, how are you? You look a bit tired.
　　K: Well, actually, I’ve been (4) q_____ with my grandmother again. I feel sad because if things go (5) w_____, she blames me, even though it’s not my fault.
　　S: What did your grandma say?
　　K: Her favorite expression_r_r_r_r is “Young people are not as well behaved as they (6) u_____ to be.” She always complains that I don’t show her enough (7) r_____.
　　S: Well, try and understand her. She can’t do all the things she did(8) w_____ she was young. It must be very frustrating. Just think, one day we’ll be old…
　　K: You’re right. I should be more (9) u_____. I think I’ll buy her a present and apologize.
　　S: Right. Now you are feeling a bit better, it’s your turn to help me. Could you give me a hand with my maths homework?
　　K: Maths again! OK, but can we find somewhere to (10) e_____ first? I’m starving!
　　解析：江西卷对话填空其实是“单词拼写”题型与“7选5模式选择题”的综合而成，它延续了“单词拼写的考查”，也同时强调“结合语境或上下文的猜词能力”。对话填空的考查以实词为主，特别要注意动词、名词、形容词(副词)或连词等的考查，所以同学们务必加强这类重点单词的复习，还要注意词性的变化(特别是动词的演变)。
　　参考答案
　　(1)jam (2)accident
　　(3)took (4)quarreling
　　(5)wrong (6)used
　　(7)respect/regard
　　(8)when/while
　　(9)understanding (10)eat
 
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